New Education Trends in 2015

Today’s world moves at breakneck speed: if previously it would have taken a decade or two for a new trend in education to form and firmly take hold, today we sometimes see a new idea to appear, get adopted and abandoned all in a year or two. As a result, if you are interested in education, you can’t afford to overlook anything new – it may well be the Next Big Thing. 1.  Rapid Evolution of Cloud Learning Management Systems (LMS) A few years ago, LMSs were considered a dying breed; however, the emergence and quick development of cloud technologies breathed new life into them. Since then, the industry has constantly been on the rise, with cloud LMSs showing particularly astonishing results, growing more than 50% over the last year. And everything suggests that this tendency is going to continue. 2.  Individualized Learning Last year we saw several breakthroughs concerning collection and processing learning signals and data. If these new insights are used properly, in 2015 we will see new systems of personalized learning that will guide students through learning processes, adapt to their needs, help them avoid hidden reefs and reach better results. 3.  Gamification Education has been slowly but steadily moving in this direction for centuries, but only now we begin to clearly understand where it goes. According to statistics, learners generally remember only 10% of what they read and 20% of what they hear. The percentage of understanding and recollection jumps to 90% if they do something on their own. 2015 is likely to see an upsurge of using game mechanics in educational processes. 4.  Blended and Online Learning Google’s innovations like Google Drive and Google Classroom offer all the benefits, options and possibilities of expensive solutions without their costs. In 2015 more schools and higher educational institutions are likely to move on to them, which will mean greater availability of blended and online learning. 5.  Corporate Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) MOOCs have been around for some time and clearly showed their usefulness and convenience. So far they have been generally carried out by large universities; however, it seems that they’ve come under the spotlights of big business. Companies use them for training large numbers employees and applicants simultaneously, to disseminate information and knowledge within the company, to increase the group’s cohesion – and it has a lot more uses yet to be discovered. 6.  Development of International Teaching Models As the world gets increasingly more and more connected and interconnected, as schools and colleges around the world embrace the Internet and all its possibilities, the interest in developing models of education that would exceed borders and nations will inevitably grow. We’ve already seen that a lot of problems and issues encountered by educators are very similar no matter where they live, but the ways these issues are addressed are sometimes drastically different. And we certainly have a lot to learn from each other. 2015 already showed itself as a breakthrough year in many respects – and we are likely to see much more amazing developments further on.

Technology And Social Medias Effect On The Peoples Privacy

We collect the content and other information you provide when you use our Services, including when you sign up for an account, create or share, and message or communicate with others† (Hachman). Each day people live with a false security that they are protected and maintain a sense of privacy. Citizens misplace their trust in social media and technology, and divulge their personal information in ignorance of the repercussions that may arise. Users say the advances in technology and social media won’t affect the people’s privacy; however, it is proven that these advances can be a harbinger of both danger and discontent. Our nation is built upon its foundation from the United States Constitution and its Bill of Rights. Included in this governing document is the Fourth Amendment, the laws and guidelines that gives us the right to privacy. Within in this amendment, it is stated that â€Å"The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effe cts, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated† (gpo). Despite the fact that these right are clearly stated and profound, recent advances is the scopes of technology and social media have violated the people’s privacy by deceiving them into thinking they are protected. It is shown that one of the most prominent sources, that prove a danger toward privacy, is through social media, specifically Facebook. This site alone, has over 1.4 billion users, thus a large percentage of the population hasShow MoreRelatedThe Negative Effects Of The Internet On Human Life761 Words   |  4 Pages Effects of The Internet on Human Life The Internet is a technology that has negative impacts on our daily lives. It has changed aspects of our life for the last 50 years, and it has demonstrated the considerable influence on people’s lives. Almost 3.2 billion people in the world use the internet. The Internet has gained acceptance across the globe, and it has also become a reason behind the critical changes in the modern society. Some of the changes are social isolation, health disorder, lack ofRead MoreNegative Effects Of Social Media1297 Words   |  6 PagesIn the twenty-first century, social media plays an extensive part in most people’s lives. Instagram, Twitter, and many other social networks can cause adverse psychological harm and even lead to physical harm. Although many may argue that social media pertains to be useful, there prove to be more harmful aspects rather than helpful aspects of these media sites. These effects are not only psychological, but they may also be physical. Not only do socia l networks cause depression, anxiety, and cyberbullyingRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society2621 Words   |  11 Pagesthat affect in somehow their life. Social media has contributed to link parts of this wide world to each other, and paved the way for all people exchange views and ideas. In addition, social media sites are considered the most widespread on the Internet because of its characteristics that made it different from other websites. Because of social media, people has become living in small town. They do not need to travel in order to getting informations or news. Social media has created easier way toRead MoreEssay about The Dangers of Social Media Correlating to Privacy3105 Words   |  13 PagesIntroduction Social medias have become a big part of our society now, they are being used in all aspects of our life. We are connected twenty-four hours a day, at work, school, home, shopping etc. There is a necessity, a need to be connected to these social media’s, to feel like you are a part of society. With these growing numbers in being connected to social media’s on the web, there comes a growing desire for privacy and safety. 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However, these sites are preventing real life relationshipsRead MoreEssay on Identity Culture and Organization1986 Words   |  8 PagesThe primary goal for this essay is to discuss about the impacts of social media to the organizational culture in this modern business environment. The reasons to conduct this essay are firstly, the diffusion of social media have been focused specifically in relationship for organizations and the stakeholders. Secondly, the business organizations have been involving themselves to social media, for example, building its own community to their customers through Facebook and Twitter. Lastly, thereRead MoreFreedom Of Expression And Human Rights2007 Words   |  9 Pagesdetermine the effects of such clauses; especially when many citizens in countries of the world today struggle to exercise their freedom of expression due to strict governments. Countries such as China and Egypt have used social media as a means of communicating to the world the injustices they face in their countries. However, now with more than 40 governments using regulatory restrictions, technical controls on the Internet, and technologies created to repress speech and undermine the privacy of its citizensRead MoreThe Excessive Social Media Usage2161 Words   |  9 PagesAdani Mr. Moran AP Language and Comp 25 November 2014 Does the Excessive Social Media Usage Lead to Issues? Social Media is more and more prevalent in people’s lives due to the development and escalation of technology. Although social media can be seen as a positive idea because it helps people interact and express themselves, it does have many drawbacks that cause it to have a bad reputation. The biggest deficiency with social media is its negative impact on people which causes several different types

Describing a Person You Admire free essay sample

My dad was my best friend. He gave great advice and taught me to become the independent woman I am today. He always believed in me to be the best I could be which made him very happy. I remember one time he told me, I want you to become a nurse and after I finished high school I went to a nursing school. I started but after two years I loose him after he died I could even continue because I taught was do it for him, and I left school. Living with people two times my helped me become the young lady I am today. I leaned some very helpful live lessons that I tooked up into my adult years. I learned to do a lot before my time I also learned o be a better parents to my kids. Learning about life when I was grew-up becoming my guide to becoming a strong mother figure to wonderful kids. We will write a custom essay sample on Describing a Person You Admire or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Growing up in my teen years I’ve been though a lot. Seen a lot, and have done a lot. My biggest inspiration was my father, I leaned to become a responsible adult. I was his little girl. Very shelted, and taught the meaning of struggle before I went through it Even though I wasn’t your typical teenager. I am blessed to have one guide me in the right direction.

Wireless and Mobile Technologies Complete Electronic Product

Question: Discuss about the Wireless and Mobile Technologies for Complete Electronic Product? Answer: 1: The Wireless technology is defined as a complete electronic product that can easily handle the system to interact with the electromagnetic energy. It is important for carrying the information and communication, and wireless technology is the best way to efficiently handle the process with the use of the radio waves. All the mobile technology has been mapped to the technology that uses the communication through cellular means and works over on the mobile phone, navigation of the GPS devices and tablets. (De Lao et al., 2016). The game consoles and all other laptop make usage of the mobile technology. There are wider ranges of communication of the mobile commercial opportunities that were difficult to be found in the past. Some of the ways that companies use these technologies are: Different business operations have a greater access to the greater number of people than in the earlier times. All the mobile commercials are buying and selling the goods based on the services that use a wireless pattern along with handling devices like cell phone and tablet. Mobile ecommerce has been the best wireless use of the device to order and pay for the different goods and services, provided by the different online vendors. 2. Delta has been working on the technology to handle the operation with its three-tiered structural approaches: The identification of the broadened e-business opportunities will set a reach to the business along with enhancement in the experience of customers. (Ma haffey et al., 2015). Delta has a team of e-enablers and other Web Savvy representations to handle different functional units. The major segmentation is based on the online marketing push to entire distribute the information system. West has created certain squad for e-venture, for there are specialists with a certain responsibility and the full-time ecommerce implementation. Delta has been progressing to go entre wireless. The strategy is mainly to determine the conflicts and settle the wireless broadband internet services, at different airports. The technology is also being settled to enable the customer to check email, updates on the information in travelling and other web-based entertainment services. The basic idea is to handle the conventional services with the technology to create and handle the wireless links for different airport employees. The basic idea for the wireless system for Delta has been to access properly, the project riders and help in improving their hospitality services. (Sundareswaran et al., 2015). 3: Cisco has been the best service-oriented data center that addresses to all the challenges based on the market growth, globalization, and the changing trends in technology. The major response requires setting up a satisfaction to the organization line of business that will be managing the lines and infrastructural pattern. The technology based on wireless system helps in increased mobility and collaboration and roam without loss in connection. There is an improvement in the responsiveness to connection to all the required information with proper service to the customer. The increased response to provide better access to information will help in connection to all the areas that process easier network connection and enhancement in the guest assessment. (Rayes et al., 2015). The mobile technology works over the assurance of network personnel to support and work with the consumer network pattern. This will help in improving the knowledge and work on the configuration along with identifying and isolation all the possible problems and proper monitoring of heath. Cisco has been able to provide a comprehensive help to all its customers to integrate the products. Training and customization ensure the proper support that can help in delivering all the remote connectivity that allow to conduct the connectivity with proper cost optimization and increased business agility for engagement and employee collaboration. 4: Cisco has been a complete customer oriented company that focus on development and adapting the core migration techniques and advancement in technology. As per the Cisco learning services, there are storage consolidation, productivity and the gains in business. The IT transformation of the data center handle the virtualized pools of data, storage and computation. This will focus on combining all the responsible services for networking, and directing to ensure a better design, plan and implementation. (Hansom et al., 2015). A complete transformation brings a strong alignment of business. The strengthening and improvement of the business depend on completely transforming the worldwide experiences. IT transformation and improvement are based on new business requirements that will direct to make an effective transformation as per the changing cost savings and other operations. Efforts are being evaluated to handle the virtual machine transformation for a server environment. The chase is to own a unique identity of I/O configuration that sets the hardware along with reducing the ability of the change in workload. The computation of the Cisco Unified system has been mainly on computing the technology and integrate the network foundation that can be easily consolidated towards handling the access to the storage. 5: The operational enterprise solution has been completely based on providing important opportunities to the companies to extend to their web based application and offer the customers with shopping and the facilities of banking. The company focuses on offering their customers new and better methods to access completely, the streamlined process that can easily access the different products and services depending on the acceleration and advancement to create certain mobile web standards. (Alizadeh-Shabdiz et al., 2015). Organizations have started realizing that the employees have the viability to consider the installation of the visitor-based network solutions along with providing a higher speed wireless connectivity depending upon the areas of the building. With the improved standards in the mobile workforce, the wireless network will help in increasing the opportunity for different models and application. The opportunity to deliver the innovation of service solution direct to impleme nt an increase in the platforms maturity. The wireless PCs are used in warehouse and other industrial environment for complete monitoring of data entry applications. Wireless technology is enabling the evolution of mobile business with an increase in productivity and multinational relationships. All the working practices work over on recognizing the needs to connect and set a complete local area wireless network to access information and build up a proper decision making cycle. The system enhancement is based on operational support which can easily set a multi platform solutions. Reference De Leo, M., Linsner, M., Mclaughlin, B. M., Girimaji, J., Myles, A. (2016).U.S. Patent No.20,160,007,177. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Sundareswaran, N., Suri, R., Lakshminarayan, K., Lin, L., Tong, M., Nagaraju, M. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,173,115. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Mahaffey, G. B., Iyer, J. R., Khouderchah, M., Leung, K. K., Mackie, R. A., Stammers, T. P., Pham, H. Q. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,003,057. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Rayes, A., Ukhalkar, S., Vasireddy, A., Hinnant, D. F. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,123,017. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Hanson, A. D., Sturniolo, E. A., Menn, A., Olson, E. D., Savarese, J. T. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 9,083,622. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Sundareswaran, N., Suri, R., Lakshminarayan, K., Lin, L., Tong, M., Nagaraju, M. (2015).U.S. Patent Application No. 14/870,999. Alizadeh-Shabdiz, F., Steger, C. (2016).U.S. Patent No. 9,237,415. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Marie Curie Essays - Marie Curie, Nobel Laureates In Physics

Marie Curie The year was 1919. Europe had been ravaged by World War I, and radium was far too expensive for a scientist of modest means to afford for experiments, even one as famous as Madame Marie Curie. As a result, Madame Curie's ground-breaking research had reached a virtual standstill... For my biography, I chose Marie Curie. Marie Curie was born in 1867 in Warsaw, Poland as Manya Sklodowska. She was not only a great chemist, famous for her work on radioactivity, but she broke boundaries for woman also. In fact with the help of her husband, Pierre, made up that word. Madame Curie who was the first woman to win a Nobel Peace Prize won two for her work in Physics and Chemistry. Her family was one that took for good education. For this reason, she left Poland and went to Paris to study mathematics, chemistry and physics. She studied at the Sorbonne and in 1891, she became the first woman to teach there. While she was in France, she took to their way of spelling her name, Marie. Around that time she met Pierre Curie who taught physics at the University of Paris. They soon started to conduct research on radioactive substances and before long they got married. In 1903, the Curies, along with, Antoine Henri Bacquerel, a French physicist won the Nobel Peace Prize for their discoveries in Physics. Madame Marie continued working on radioactive elements and won the 1911 Nobel Prize for chemistry for isolating radium and studying its chemical properties. In 1914, Madame Curie helped found the Radium Institute in Paris, and was the Institute's first director. In 1934 she died of leukemia that was probably induced by the extensive exposure to high levels of radiation involved by her studies. In dedication to her death, the Radium Institute was renamed the Curie Institute in her honor. Biographies

Growing Up Gay Essays - Sexual Orientation, Free Essays, Term Papers

Growing Up Gay Essays - Sexual Orientation, Free Essays, Term Papers Growing Up Gay The unprecedented growth of the gay community in recent history has transformed our culture and consciousness, creating radically new possibilities for people to come out and live more openly as homosexuals(Herdt 2). Before the 1969s Stonewall riot in New York, homosexuality was a taboo subject. Research concerning homosexuality emphasized the etiology, treatment, and psychological adjustment of homosexuals. Times have changed since 1969. Homosexuals have gained great attention in arts, entertainment, media, and politics. Yesterdays research on homosexuality has expanded to include trying to understand the different experiences and situations of homosexuals (Ben-Ari 89-90). Despite the transition, little consideration has been given to understanding the growing population of gay adolescents. 25% of American families are likely to have a gay child (Hidalgo 24); In the United States, three million adolescents are estimated to be homosexual. Yet, American society still ignores gay adolescents. Majority of children are raised in heterosexual families, taught in heterosexual establishments, and put in heterosexual peer groups. Gay adolescents often feel forced by parents to pass as heterosexually normal (Herdt 2). As a result, homosexual teens hide their sexual orientation and feelings, especially from their parents. Limited research conducted on gay young adults on disclosure to parents generally suggests that disclosure is a time of familial crisis and emotional distress. Very few researchers argue that disclosure to parents results in happiness, bringing parents and children closer (Ben-Ari 90). The debate over homosexuality as nature or nurture dominates most topics about homosexuality. People often confuse the nature/nurture issue with the development of gay identity. In fact, the nature/nurture argument plays a small, insignificant role concerning gay youths (Walling 11). Homosexual identity is the view of the self as homosexual in association with romantic and sexual situations (Troiden 46) Many researchers have either discussed or created several models or theories concerning the development of homosexual identity. However, the most prominent is Troidens sociological four-stage model of homosexual identity formation. Dr. Richard R. Troiden describes the development of homosexual identity in four stages: sensitization, identity confusing, identity assumption, and commitment. During the stages of homosexual identity development, many gay adolescents encounter many preconceptions and assumptions regarding homosexuality. These assumptions are presumption of heterosexuality, presumption of inversion, and recognition of stigma (Herdt 4-5). Using Troidens model as a guide, the present paper examines the four stages of homosexual identity development as it affects both gay children and parents. Section one concentrates on the first two stages of homosexual identity formation and the ordeals gay adolescents and parents before disclosure. Section two explains the third and fourth stages of homosexual identity development. Finally, section three discusses parents reactions to the disclosure, and the relationship with their child thereafter. The Pre-Disclosure Period The first stage of homosexual identity development, sensitization, occurs before puberty. In the sensitization stage, gay adolescents experience feelings of being different and marginal from same gender peers (Troiden 50). Comments such as the following illustrate what boys feel during this stage: I had a keener interest in the arts; I never learned to fight; I just didnt feel I was like other boys. I was very fond of pretty things like ribbons and flowers and music; I was indifferent to boys games, like cops and robbers. I was more interested in watching insects and reflecting on certain things. (Durby 5) However, during this time, children do not associate feelings as being homosexual or heterosexual; these categories have no significance to pre-teens (Troiden 52). Gay youngsters and their parents encounter the presumption of heterosexuality. The heterosexual assumption starts during the sensitization stage; however, the effects can be longterm. The presumption of heterosexuals is the belief that being heterosexual is superior, heterosexual ethnocentricity Everyone is heterosexual; to be different is to be inferior (Herdt 5). American society has strict defined male and female roles. Conformity is highly valued. Going against conformity especially gender abnormality is viewed with derision and usually awarded with disgrace and contempt (Isay 30). What is important is the masculine/feminine dichotomy underlines heterosexual/homosexual dichotomy. Parents force gender conformity in elementary children and even pre-school children when children display nonconformist gender roles. Many parents fear that if their son is exposed to homosexuality or even the negative beliefs of homosexuality then their child might be

Infection Prevention and Control Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Infection Prevention and Control - Case Study Example 3) Collected data indicates the propagation. The epidemic curve shows continuous exposure that is much pronounced after the lunch hour and ends the following day according to the collected data. According to the determined incubation period, the exposure is prolonged thus other victims display symptoms at a later time compared to the others. Complaint of the obvious symptoms of infection appears in the afternoon and evening. However, further analysis of the situation is vital to draw the precise conclusion about the causative agent. 4) The case presented by the data qualifies to be an epidemic. It is a condition that involves a large group of people who are subjected to the pathological agent. Noticeable symptoms among affected individuals indicate they are suffering from the same thing or rather infected by bacteria or rather an agent. Every individual in the camp had the same complaints that clearly indicate the source of the problem is among the food consumed. Furthermore, it occurs within a short period and affects almost the whole population in an unusual way thus qualifies to be termed as an epidemic. According to statistics on data relating to the whole population, there is no connection between gender and illness. The high percentage of male individuals showing symptoms of the illness is due to the general high population of male soldiers compared to the female soldiers. Also, the odds ratio adds emphasis on the proportionality aspect of the data. A high population of the men means that they were exposed more to the causative agent compared to the females thus the high number of male individuals showing high levels of illness. Statistics on age distribution and infection indicate that there is no connection between illness and age of the individuals. People aged between 19 and 23 form the highest percentage of individuals. Therefore, exposure rate of the young individuals is high compared to the other age groups. Further proof of the preceded conclusion is taking a look at the age group 29-32.

Accomplishments Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Accomplishments - Essay Example It was she who arranged me a music class every Saturday afternoons with the little bucks she obtained from her tailoring shop. As music was my passion, I learned all the lessons that my teacher taught me with great interest and enthusiasm. It took only six months for me to master the primary notes though they were really hard to practice. But still there was a problem; I never had a guitar to practice at home. As for me, a guitar was necessary to practice the long notes and rather difficult codes. For, the time that was available for me in the music class was quite little. Attracted by my enthusiasm my teacher promised me to grant me an old guitar with which he used to practice us. I was excited to hear it from my master because, getting a guitar for my own was a priceless gift for a child like me. I practiced with it earnestly and became a little expert at the age of nine. Until I finished my studies, I never paid much thought to showing my talents to the public.

Investigation into Virtual Organisation facilities Coursework

Investigation into Virtual Organisation facilities - Coursework Example Growing complexity in the business environment makes "business as usual" ineffective. (Keen, 1991) Globalization calls for communication and synchronization across diverse time zones and locations. Time constraints require reduction in reaction time, driving businesses to just-in-time inventory, orders, scheduling, payments, manufacturing, distribution, etc. Change has become the norm, an unpredictable basic reality. The fresh economic cutting edge is the knowledge economy, and right now about 97% of all employment expansion is coming from knowledge work. Wealth today is generated principally by the value people add through new ideas. (Moyer, 1994) What members of these workgroups do is called collaborative work and they must often overcome barriers of time zones and geography to document what has been accomplished. (Stuck, 1995) To stay aggressive in today's business atmosphere requires new levels of collaboration and dexterity, both within and between organizations. Communications networks and IT are the tools that make possible this "working together apart," and telecommuting (or home working) is making workgroups more productive. (Stuck, 1995) IT plays a fundamental role in supporting critical activities, enabling organizations to make efficient and effective changes in the manner in which work is performed (Turban, 1996) and offering real potential for changing the way in which people work (Daniels, 1995). For example, the Internet provides a way for small businesses to create a virtual organization to complete projects (Blotzer, 1995). Companies are forming worldwide mutual provisions as the basis for developing a competitive advantage from technology (Bailetti, 1993). Coordination of IT management presents a real challenge to these firms which have to deal with detached, decentralized IT practices (DeSanctis, 1994). While decentralization may bring litheness and fast response to changing needs, it also makes systems integration difficult, presents' obstruction to standardization, and acts as a disincentive for achieving economies of scale (DeSanctis, 1994). In juxtaposition with rapid changes in the business environment, the way in which business is conducted is also changing at a rapid pace. Groups, not individuals, have become the fundamental unit of work in modern organizations, with non-routine and new work most often being accomplished through teams, committees, or ad hoc workgroups (Finholt, 1990). Groups and group behavior are momentous for both organizational performance and individual group members. Computer-based technology may affect these groups and their behavior. At least some electronic groups behave

Open Source Software: Advantages and Methods

Open Source Software: Advantages and Methods Background Open source software is treated as the software which is freely accessed by anyone. The source code of the software is publically accessible by anyone so that anyone can use it in his own way for study purposes or in order to make some changes. Open source software has option to use general public license or any other license depending upon the permissions or allowances. Now a day’s open source software are very popular because of the availability of the interne in every region of the world. The development of new open source software is starts with a single developer or a group of developers for their necessity or their interest. Open source development movement was started by Richard Stallman in 1980 in order to grow the development of the free software for social purposes to provide freedoms for the use of the software for various purposes. There are number of free software available online on the host sourcefrge.net site. Open source software is different from proprietary software in which the users can not access the code. Now days users prefer open source software instead of proprietary software because they can use the code in their own way and even they can make the modification and change the functionality according to their requirement. To use open source software, the user do not need to pay the license fee as in case of the proprietary software users need to pay the license fee. Various pros of open source software: Easy license management Lower expenses Expanded competition Good quality and stability Increased use in business Open interaction with public users and developers Improved security Faster development Open source software Open source software is software that could be easily applied, transformed, and shared (in revised or unmodified form) by anyone. Open source software is made by many individuals, and distributed under licenses that adhere to the Open Source Definition [1]. The Open Source initiative (OSI) is a global non-profit that helps and stimulates the open source movement. Among other activities, it keeps the Open Source Description, and a list of licenses that comply with this definition. Open source identifies computer software for which: The source code can be acquired to the end-user. The source code could be revised by the end-user. You can find number of restrictions on redistribution or use. The licensing conditions are meant to aid extended re-use and large option of the software, in both industrial and non-commercial contexts. There are several different functions which several, but not totally all, open source software products have in common: The expense of immediate purchase to the end-user is usually minimal. This is because the best to easily redistribute the software makes offering licenses for copies of open source software an impossible company idea. The development system of open source tasks gives several new features with Agile development, because produces are frequent, functions are included rapidly following comments from customers, developers tend to be distributed geographically. Many, but in no way all, open source tasks are made and maintained by informal areas of developers [2]. Open source tasks frequently offer as apprentice opportunities for junior developers to fast understand their business by doing real-world development. Open source software development starts with an idea from an individual or from group of individuals. The quality is considered from the initialization of the project development as it will be easy to test the software if the quality is assured from the initialization but if the quality is not assured from the start then it may leads to software failure. Software developer may use the existing code or they can develop their own code according to the requirements. Then after the development of the code it goes under the review process under the trusted developer who can understand the code and the working of the software. Then in order to assure the quality testing is performed in order to remove the faults in software. After the testing of the software if the software is found to perform according to the required functionality and found error free then it is released under the license. After the release of the software, the parallel debugging if required i.e. if any user or developer who is using that software found any faults or error in the software then he may report to the original developer in order to remove that error from the software. So in this parallel debugging is done. So in this way software undergoes different stages for the development of the software. These stages are depicted as follows: Figure 1.2.1 Different levels of development of OSS Benefits of Open Source Software Open source software has a numerous advantages for the individuals, developers and companies. A few of these benefits could be realized only if agencies lead back once again to the community. Open source software: Normally has no transparent payment. Having less transparent payment may appear to gain agencies economically. Agencies must look into the full total price of ownership like some other software companies; including all help services thatll be expected to handle the software over their lifespan. Encourages an aggressive industry for help services. Because the source code can be acquired, its feasible for any software organization to supply help for an open source product. If the clients are the good developers they can edit the code of the software. Boost up a collective methodology. Open source software boost up an open transfer of the views of the developers as well as users, who can share their view in order to make the advancements in the software. That tends to promote a collaborative approach that could foster innovation. Imposes fewer restrictions on the customers of the software. Most open source software licenses impose fewer restrictions on the customers of the software and emphasize regard for the solitude of the users. Nevertheless, agencies should ensure they understand the obligation for reciprocity thats a part of several open source licenses. Provides the opportunity for customers to directly handle maintenance and support of the software. This might be an advantage to agencies that get the correct ability base. Allows the opportunity to use the software before committing to it. This can allow agencies to check the practicality of the product before completely focusing on it. May possibly minimize supplier lock-in. whoever is using the software , the source code of the software is visible to everyone, many licenses will allow any individual or group to help expand develop the software without the obligation to aid other customers, even if the initial neighbourhood discontinues development. Professional organizations may give help for an open supply deal, if you will find enough customers willing to cover that service. Allows customers to see and alter the source code. The ability of customers to scrutinize and modify the source code can cause increased balance and security. It also allows agencies to custom the software to their own needs [3]. Allows customers to make the most of the improved performance of new produces more frequently. Now a day’s open source software agencies uses the maxim of ‘release early, release usually , and thus customers can quickly gain extra performance for the software. Raises interoperability. Open standards are used by open source software, which helps in reducing the expenses of integration and improve interoperability. Frequently is modular. Open source software packages are often modular, meaning changes to one the main source code do not affect the functionality of rest of the code. Software metrics Software metrics play a crucial role in the administration of the software projects. Metrics used to track development process, quantify restructuring impact and to calculate code quality. Software metrics are very important to software engineering for measuring software complexity and quality, functionality, Characteristic of the software product. Software metrics can be used for Finding defects in the code, predicting defective code, predicting project success, and predicting project risk. Metrics help to recognize, to monitor and connect project problems at all stages. Metrics can precisely describe the position of software project application and product. Metrics can be utilized as a method to measure problems and to prevent being forced into a reactive fix. Metrics provide powerful medium for choosing the most effective alternatives. Efferent Coupling Efferent coupling is just a count of how many classes which are combined to a particular type i.e. where the methods of 1 type contact the methods or access the parameters of the other class. If a class let it be â€Å"home† referrals other class â€Å"furniture† and class â€Å"furniture† referrals class â€Å"home† then class â€Å"home† is just counted once [14]. Efferent coupling should really be as low as feasible for three causes Higher coupling increases interclass dependencies, making the code less modular and less ideal for reuse. Even if there is need to use that code again then there may be some extra code bound with the required code which will not be necessary for the required functionality. More combining ensures that the code becomes more difficult to securely keep up since an alteration to code in one single region runs an increased risk of affecting other code which may be combined to that code. The more hyperlinks between classes the more complicated the code and the more difficult it is to check [4]. More independent the code, then it is easier to reuse. LOC Lines of Code Line of code metric is used to measure the size of the program code. It is the measure of all the lines of code available in the source code file except the comment lines. Loc metric is helpful in measuring the complexity of the code and it is also helpful to predict the productivity of the code. Following are the effects of LOC: A low value of lines of code metric result in greater understandability of the code. A low value of line of code metric of the source code may require less testing efforts to test the source code. A low value of line of code metric may result in high maintainability. CC McCabes Cyclomatic complexity Thomas McCabe developed Cyclomatic complexity metric which is used to measure the complexity of the source code. It helps in determining the minimum possible paths which can build all possible paths by the use of control flow graph. The value of cyclomatic complexity can be depicted by the use of the following formula: CC= Number of edged in the graph number of nodes + number of connected components Following are the effects based upon McCabe’s cyclomatic complexity metric: The low value of cyclomatic complexity indicates the better method. The low value of cyclomatic complexity helps in greater understand ability of the methods and reduces the testing efforts required to test the efficiency of the method. McCabe’s cyclomatic complexity helps to measure the complexity of the methods instead of the complexity of the class. But the combination of the complexity of all the methods may give results of the complexity of the class. The low value of cyclomatic complexity indicates good quality. NOC Number of Children Number of Children (NOC) is explained by CK how many immediate subclasses of a class exists [4]. CKs see was that The higher number of children poses greater reusability, since inheritance predicts behavior like reusability. The higher how many children, the greater the likelihood of incorrect abstraction of the inherent class. If a class features a big amount of children, there is possibility of an event of misuse of sub classing [11]. The amount of children offers a concept of the potential influence a class has on design. If a class features a big amount of children, there may be need of more testing of the techniques in that class. RFC Response For Class This is the measure of Response group of a class. It is defined as the number of methods in set of all the methods that are invoked in reply to a message sent to an object of a class [6]. CKs see was that In case a large quantity of practices could be invoked in reaction to a message, the screening and testing of the class becomes complex as there is need of huge degree of knowledge on the part of the tester. The bigger the number of practices which can be invoked from a class, the complexity of the class increases. A worst situation for possible response may support in ideal allocation of screening (testing) time. WMC Weighted Methods for Class Weighted methods for Class (WMC) was actually proposed by CK whilst the sum of all complexities of the methods in the class. Each method in a class is assigned a complexity of one rendering WMC equal to the number of strategies in the class. Many traditional implementations follow this rule. CKs see of WMC was How many strategies and the complexity of strategies included is a predictor of simply how much time and energy is required to build and maintain the class. The bigger the number of strategies in a class the greater the possible impact on children, because children can inherit all the methods that are specifically defined in the class. Classes having many strategies are likely to be more application specific, decreasing the likelihood of reuse. ABD Average Block Depth This is the average of the maximum block depth of each of the methods defined in the target elements. This metric is helpful in determining the complexity of the code. More the levels of nested block it will be difficult to understand the code. A method may have different conditional statements which create the flow of the code and nested blocks are generated. So it is concluded that The lower value of the average block depth indicates the good quality of the code. Higher value of average block depth indicates high complexity. Higher value of average block depth may introduce more error and may lead to difficult understanding of the code. Quality of open source software Quality is defined as the term which implies to customer or the user satisfaction. So the quality of the software means the software works according the user’s requirements. The functionality of the software is up to expectations. There are various factors which are considered in order to measure the quality of the software. Quality depends upon the factors like functionality of the software, reliability of the software, efficiency, accuracy and stability of the software. All these factors have important role in order to measure the quality of the software. If software satisfies or fulfils all these factors then it is considered as good quality software. Software free of bugs is also recommended as of good quality. Regular maintenance of the software is required in order to maintain the quality of the software. The code of open source software is accessible to everyone. So large number of users can enrol and make their contribution in order to make some modification if there exist some bugs. As the open source software are cheap so users prefer these software more than proprietary software. due to open source nature the bugs can be fixed whenever found. And even if the users are good developers then they can edit the code or use the code in order to give some more innovative software. in short these are the different ways to maintain the quality of software . due to high maintenance , good quality is achieved and in the end customers are highly satisfied. Figure 1.5.1 various quality factors Research Motivation The main motivation behind having a fuzzy logic based system to evaluate a open source software is to make the evaluation accurate and easy. In recent years , research has done in order to evaluate the quality of open source software but previous work has done on the basis of metrics and then the value of those metrics were used to evaluate software. This may gives the inaccurate results and it becomes difficult to evaluate the quality. So in this work fuzzy approach is used which accurately evaluate the software which improves the previous work by increasing the speed of evaluation and by giving improve precise results. Organization of thesis This dissertation represents the evaluation of the open source software by use of the varios metrics acting as the parameters on the basis of which quality of the software s evaluated. This chapter describes about the various metrics which are considered for evaluation and the effect of those metric on evaluation. After study about the metrics and quality of software, the motivation of the present work in the first chapter is represented, the dissertation is segregated into chapters to methodically express the work and the conclusion drawn. The work is organized into the following chapters and the content included in each chapter is briefly outlined as follows:

The Morality of Reading The Catcher in the Rye in School Essay

The Morality of Reading The Catcher in the Rye in School The story of The Catcher In The Rye, can and is misinterpreted by many people. It is very easy to find The Catcher In The Rye immoral if you are reading the book only to prove that idea. This is so because you can ignore the good things and ideas the author is trying to convey by using certain incidents that might be labeled wrong. On the other hand, if you are reading the book and taking that extra step to analyze the things that Holden Caulfield does and the things that happens to him you end up having a greater appreciation for the novel and what it says. Throughout the book Holden has shown that he is a boy who in reality has a conscience and uses it. One example of this is when Holden goes to see Mr. Spencer, his former history teacher. Holden goes to visit Mr. Spencer, who is ill with the grippe. He goes to tell him not to feel bad for failing him in history. Holden did not have to do this; this was an act of courtesy because he knew that Mr. Spencer felt sorry that he had flunked Holden in his class. Holden also sits through Mr. Spencer’s lecture on how life is a game, a game that one must play according to the rules. Holden who absolutely hates talks like this, did not have to sit through it, he could have gotten up and left, but he didn’t he showed respect for one of his superiors and what he had to say. I believe this is an act that every child and adult should know and do. â€Å"I am the most terrific liar you ever saw in your life.† (16) Holden Caulfield is a good liar. Holden even admits to it. Many people might say that this is setting a bad example but throughout story his lies make people feel better. For example, when Holden was .. ...ain is â€Å"fuck you†. Even though Holden always uses these words, he doesn’t want his younger sister being exposed to that kind of profanity. He does care about innocence and morality. â€Å"†¦You can‘t ever find a place that‘s nice and peaceful, because there isn’t any. You may think there is, but once you get there, when you‘re not looking, somebody‘ll sneak up and write ‘Fuck You’ right under your nose†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The virtuousness, morality, or principles are as apparent as the depravities throughout the novel of The Catcher In The Rye. Although when you actually read and examine the book you realize that there are no immoralities. The only way you can come to that conclusion, is with ignorance and a lack of knowledge. To fully recognize and understand the hidden ideas or picture the author is trying to portray in the readers’ minds you need knowledge and insight.

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As this Idea being applied to Frost's writing career, Frost Is being drawn to wildness and darkness In life and forgets about his responsibilities of writing poems. In ‘Gathering Leaves', â€Å"but a crop is a crop† (ALL) has two levels of interpretation. The first â€Å"crop† refers to the gathered leaves and harvested crops while the second â€Å"crop† refers to reward and value. This suggests that the value lies in the effort of gathering leaves. As for Frost's poetic creations, the effort in gathering ideas is its own value.He confirms his value in poetic creations and finds his motivations to carry on. Moreover, the two poems have stated that Frost has to go on with his life and work hard to fulfill his responsibilities in life and work. In Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening', â€Å"l have promises to keep† (L 14) refers to Frost who has to keep his promises to fulfill responsibilities in real life. Also, â€Å"miles to go before I sleep† (ALL-LA 6) has two levels of meaning. On the surface, it means that Frost still has a long way to cross the woods before he can rest.Frost deep down wants to express that he has a long Journey before his death. In ‘Gathering Leaves', â€Å"and whiffs to say where the harvest shall stop? (LOLL) Is a rhetorical question which Is used to show that the harvest shouldn't stop. It symbolizes Frost's work as a poet. It tells that Frost should not stop but get on with his Job and collect ideas for his writing instead to fulfill his responsibilities as a poet. Next, I'm going to discuss about the three differences In content between the two poems by Robert Frost.Firstly, the durations of the two actions, stopping by woods and harvesting, are different. For Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening', Frost is Just attracted by the nature and stop by the woods to observe the beauty of the nature. He will soon leave and continue his Journey in life to fulfill his responsibilities of writin g. However, for ‘Gathering Leaves', it Is a continuous working routine. It symbolizes the repeating routine of writing, Including gathering Ideas and poetic creations. Frost won't stop because he knows that he has to get on with his life as a poet.Secondly, the reasons to go on are different in the two poems. In ‘Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening', it is said that Frost has miles to go before he sleeps (Al 5-ALL) which indicates that he has to continue his Journey in life to fulfill his responsibilities. Is hard work in L 16. â€Å"But a crop is a crop† (ALL) suggests the value of gathering leaves lies in the effort itself. Therefore Frost carries on with his Journey because he finds it rewarding. Thirdly, the emotions throughout the two poems differ.In ‘Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening, the repetition of â€Å"and miles to go before I sleep† in L 15 and L 16 suggests a tired tone of the speaker. However, Frost has to go on to fulfill his respo nsibilities and resist the attraction from the darkness. As in ‘Gathering Leaves', â€Å"but a crop is a crop† (ALL) suggests a determined tone of the speaker since he knows he he can get the reward by putting effort in gathering ideas for writing. To discuss about the similarities in form between the two poems, there are two. To begin with, the two poems are quatrains.They have regular patterns which suggest that Frost has to take regular steps to move on the Journey. Also this indicates the routine tasks of the writer as a poet. Besides, the two poems used the poetic device of enjambment. In ‘Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening, the use of enjambment suggests that Frost goes on with his journey as a poet. While in ‘Gathering Leaves', it suggests the continuous routine asks of gathering ideas as a poet and also the movements of light leaves when they try to escape from the catch of Frost.The last word on the second line rhymes with the last word on the fou rth line in each stanza. This suggests the continuous routine tasks of a poet again. In addition, the lengths of line and rhythms are different. ‘Stopping By Woods on a Snowy Evening' has longer lines and the rhythm is comparatively slower. It is because Frost enjoys admiring nature and he is not rushing through his Journey. For ‘Gathering Leaves', it has a faster rhythm and the lines are shorter. It is use to mimic the movements of leaves. The leaves are very light in weight. Hey keep escaping and running away fast.

If You Want Peace, Prepare for War

If You Want Peace, Prepare for War The original Latin of the expression if you want peace, prepare for war comes from the book Epitoma Rei Militaris,  by the Roman general Vegetius (whose full name was Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus). The Latin is, Igitur qui desiderat pacem, praeparet bellum. Before the fall of the Roman Empire, the quality of its army had begun to deteriorate, according to Vegetius, and the decay of the army came from within itself. His theory was that the army grew weak from being idle during a long time of peace and stopped wearing its protective armor. This made them vulnerable to enemy weapons and to the temptation to flee from battle. Vegetius quote has been interpreted to mean that the time to prepare for war is not when war is imminent but rather when times are peaceful. Likewise, a strong peacetime army could signal to would-be invaders or attackers that the battle may not be worth it.   Vegetius Role in Military Strategy Because it was written by a Roman military expert, Vegetius Epitoma Rei Militaris is considered by many  to be the foremost military treatise in Western civilization.  Despite having little military experience of his own, Vegetius writings were highly influential on European military tactics, particularly after the Middle Ages. Vegetius was what was known as a patrician in Roman society, meaning he was an aristocrat. Also known as the  Rei Militaris Instituta,  Vegetius book was written sometime between 384 and 389. He sought a return to the Roman military system of legion formation, which was highly organized and depended on a disciplined infantry. His writings had little influence on the military leaders of his own day, but there was a particular interest in Vegetius work later, in Europe. According to Encyclopedia Britannica, because he was the first Christian Roman to write about military affairs, Vegetius work was, for centuries, considered the military bible of Europe. Its said that George Washington had a copy of this treatise.   Peace Through Strength Many military thinkers have modified Vegetius ideas for a different time, such as to the shorter expression of peace through strength. Roman Emperor Hadrian (76–138) was probably the first to use that expression. He has been quoted as saying peace through strength or, failing that, peace through threat. In the United States, Theodore Roosevelt coined the phrase Speak softly and carry a big stick. Later, Bernard Baruch, who advised Franklin D. Roosevelt during World War II, wrote a book titled Peace Through Strength about a defense plan. The phrase was publicized widely during the 1964 Republican presidential campaign and was used again during the 1970s to support the construction of the MX missile. The adage justified the Cold War buildup of nuclear missiles as a deterrent to war. Ronald Reagan brought peace through strength back into the limelight in 1980, accusing President Jimmy Carter of weakness on the international stage. Said Reagan: We know that peace is the condition under which mankind was meant to flourish. Yet peace does not exist of its own will. It depends on us, on our courage to build it and guard it and pass it on to future generations.

Jack London essays

Jack London essays Jack London fought his way up from a life of hard, factory labor in Oakland, California, to become the highest paid, most popular author of his time. His writings questioned the meaning of life and death and captured the essence of the natural struggle to survive. Drawing on his own experiences in Alaska, at sea, and as a hobo, he wove his thoughts into adventurous stories, becoming a prolific author in expressing his own struggle in life. The trials and tribulations Jack London faced instilled in his work a sense of truth and realism that appealed to millions of people around the world. Jack London was born in San Francisco on January 12, 1876. He was the only child of a short-tempered spiritualist, Flora Wellman, and William Chaney, a man of many trades. Chaney never finished what he started, trying carpentry, sailing, editing, lecturing, and teaching. He had an interest in astrology and after traveling the country attending astrological meetings; he opened a small astrology parlor. Chaney abandoned Flora nine months after Jack's birth. Flora Wellman then married John London, a widower and father of two, in September of 1876. John London gave his name to Flora's illegitimate child, and it was not until his college days that Jack learned the truth about his birth. Flora London, whose own family in Ohio had been wealthy and socially prominent, was pretentious, prejudiced, ambitious, and not very affectionate toward her son. Jack's stepfather, however, was a devoted family man; often unable to work due to injuries he suffered during the Civil War. By the age of fourteen, Jack was working eighteen-hour days at a tuna cannery in Oakland to help support his family. Frustrated by the horrible working conditions and the low pay, he borrowed some money and bought a small ship when he turned fourteen. Jack taught himself to drive the boat and named it the "Razzle Dazzle". He soon began pirating nearby commercial oyster beds....

Viewing The Bill And Melinda Gates Foundation Through Organizational Essay

Viewing The Bill And Melinda Gates Foundation Through Organizational Theory - Essay Example It will then analyze how these theories apply to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BGMF) and how they impact this unique organization. The paper addresses some specific aspects of institutional theory and network theory and develops an understanding of how BMGF utilizes these theories and how they are reflected in the foundation's philosophy, governance, and strategy. "Organizations are technical instruments designed as a means to definite goals. But they also have a natural dimension. They are products of interactions and adaptation, they become the receptacles of group idealism...". Organizational analysis is relatively new among the sciences as a field of study, coming out of the latter years of the 19th century as industrialization became more technological (Scott, 2004). Originators of organizational management, among them Taylor, Weber and Mayo, believed there was one best way to manage an organization, and all recommended single, universal solutions to management problems, though they did not agree on what the solutions should be. There are many theories and models offered by researchers that delve into the inner workings of organizations and provide a rich and complex view of organizations. Zucker (1987) believed that normative pressures that arise from external factors such as the state and factors from within the organization drive organizations (p.443). Some have believed that there is only a single best way to define an organization, but it has eluded theorists and modern organizations have presented new challenges. 3. The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: An Overview The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF) was instituted as a philanthropic institution to relive the suffering of the poor and deprived people across the world. Beginning in 1997 as a foundation to aid education in the Northeast, it diversified in 2000 to focus more effort toward improving global health (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation 2007). The foundation has a substantial endowment fund that it dispenses to the poor and needy and helps to

Heat transfer by convection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Heat transfer by convection - Essay Example A square cavity was used whereby its bottom and top walls were insulated. One of the side walls was presumed cold while the other side hot. Alumina/water nanofluid was used as the working fluid. It was concluded that using different thermophysical models might lead to opposite trend estimations for Nusselt number especially in high solid volume fractions. Effects of inclination angle (between 00 and 1200) of a square cavity filled with Cu/water nanofluid on heat transfer (Abu-Nada and Oztop). The boundary conditions of both experiments were similar. Different water based nanofluids containing Cu, Ag, CuO, Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles were placed in a cavity with volume fraction up to 20%. One side of the walls was heated using heater mounted on the wall; cavity angle varied between 00 and 900 (Ogut). Increased concentration increases heat transfer rate. Average Nusselt number has a high sensitivity to viscosity compared to the thermal conductivity at high Rayleigh numbers; suitable v iscosity model should be selected (SAEED ZEINALI HERIS, Masoumeh Borhani Pour, Omid Mahian, Somchai Wongwises, 2014). Flow of Cu, Al2O3, and TiO2 nanoparticles is suspended in water in a cavity where top and bottom walls are insulated; right wall is kept cold while the left wall is subjected to the periodic heat flux. Use of Cu and TiO2 with volume fractions up to 20% leads to maximum and minimum heat removal from heat source respectively (Ghasemi and Aminossadati). Flow of Cu/water nanofluid (volume fractions up to 5%) in a square cavity and the bottom subjected to constant heat flux while cooling is conducted by entering a nanofluid flow from the left wall and exiting from the right wall (Shahi et al). It was concluded that an increase in the volume fraction increased the average Nusselt number in the cavity. Lin and Voili simulated the effects of particles size on natural convection flow of Al2O3/water nanofluid with volume fraction up to 5% in square cavity

Color and the Visible Spectrum Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Color and the Visible Spectrum - Research Paper Example The visible spectrum range is located on the electromagnetic spectrum within ranging from 780 nanometer to 390 nanometers. The narrow band forms the ROYGBIV, as will be discussed in the body of the project. The following is a representation of a visible light spectrum within the electromagnetic wave spectrum: From the image above, it is clear that within each spectrum division of visible light range there is a particular color to that cause. Consequently, this brings the concept of retina perceiving specific color sensation when light consisting of certain wavelength drops on the retina. Isaac Newtont illustrates this aspect by using the light shining on prism. The prism divides the light shining through into various wavelengths thereby showing the various color components of the visible light. Each color produced therein is a representation of a particular wavelength; the wavelengths are what cause the varying amounts of bend exhibited by each color. upon this discussion comes the aspect of dispersion, which is simply refers to the process of separation of visible light into various distinct colors. In the presence of a prism, as shown in the image, dispersion of visible light results to the colors red (R), orange (O), yellow (Y), green (G), blue (B), and violet (V) (Gomes & Velho, 98). The abbreviations therein give visible light the name ROY G BIV (Even though Indigo (I) is usually not depicted within the spectrum range, it is arbitrarily added to produce a vowel for Roy’s name that comes last). From the spectrum, red has the longer wavelengths meaning it can be easily seen while violet has the shorted wavelength, which confirm the rarity of human eye seeing it. The following is an image showing the visible light spectrum with description: The distinct types of cones characterized by photo-pigments in humans, allows them to have sensitivity to three

About Sovereigns and Tyrants Essay Example for Free

About Sovereigns and Tyrants Essay There is a great distinction between a sovereign and a tyrant, although oftentimes people are confused by the meaning of the two. A sovereign is a leader of state that acquired his or her position by being elected or appointed by the people. A tyrant, on the other hand, is a self proclaimed leader, assuming leadership â€Å"without election, or right of succession, or lot, or a just war, or a special calling from God† (Bodin, 1992). Under the circumstances of tyranny, it is lawful or permissible to kill the tyrant. The primary moral reason here, especially in a democratic state, is to bring back power to the hands of the people. However, there is an exception here. If, after assuming tyranny, the tyrant’s rule becomes ratified by election or permission from the people, then it is no longer permissible to kill or persecute the tyrant without a fair trial. See more:  The 3 Types of Satire Essay It is possible for a sovereign prince to become a tyrant. When this happens, some people who share authority over the state (such as senators, aristocrats, and the people themselves) have a right to eliminate the sovereign-tyrant in order to deliver the unjustly oppressed. This can either be done by means of law, or by means of force. A foreign ruler may also be rather fit to do this task than the citizens of the state. On the other hand, a true sovereign ruler differs from a tyrant in that he (or she) has rightful absolute power over the entire state and he doesn’t share it with any of his subjects. Monarchs of England during older times are good examples of sovereign rulers. They obtained their leadership by law and birthright, and thus they cannot be considered as tyrants. It is not lawful then, to unjustly kill, plot against, resist, or even think about hurting a sovereign ruler. Such an act is nothing less than high treason and punishable by death. Bibliography: Bodin, J. (1992). On sovereignty (J.H. Franklin, Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press

Huck :: essays papers

Naivety of Huckleberry Finn The dialect that Mark Twain used in "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" mocks the poor education and incompetence of the South in the late 1800's. As the narrator of the novel, Huck Finn, fits the exemplary part of a young and naive boy. He does not comprehend the immensity of the world but, rather the small portion that he sees. As Huck takes the reader through each episode of the book, he does not perceive any kind of humor in the word devices he uses. He takes them quite seriously and is portrayed as a naive character to the reader. Mr. Twain has purposely given the readers reason to believe he is mocking the characters in the book with this audacious comedy. Huck Finn says out of the ordinary things that most people would not have the slightest idea about. At the beginning of chapter one, the Widow Douglas tells him of Moses and the Bulrushers. He is eager to hear all about the stories of Moses until he finds out that Moses has been dead a "considerable long time." Huck tells the reader that he "don't take no stock in dead people." To him, there is no lesson in these stories unless the person is alive and is related to someone. The novel places realistic views and does not hold romantic value besides that of the character Tom Sawyer. Huck does not understand why Tom makes every task so complex yet, Huck is very admirable of Tom's ideas. Throughout the book Huck asks himself if Tom Sawyer would approve of the way he deals with certain matters. This shows dramatic irony because Tom would not be stuck in these situations that Huck is in, in turn adding to Huck's naivety. This brings the readers to the Dauphin and Duke, who take advantage of Huck because of his gullibility, tricking him into thinking they are of a royal class and deserve superior care. As readers, we see the entire picture, past the fraud's act. Huck goes along with the low life and cunning ways the Duke and King make money. A classic example of this is when the Duke and King, the scoundrels that they are, put on the stage production of "The Royal Nonesuch," making their own success from the foolish townspeople. Jim, the runaway slave displays a naive humor laced with superstition.

Cell Phones in School

Reynna Thomas Mrs. Arroyo English 10 HL 14 November 2012 Cell Phones in School Would you prefer cell phone usage in school, or cell phones banned in school? Most students and parents prefer to have the usage of cell phones in school. Cell phones should be allowed to be in school for various reasons. The use of cell phones in school can be beneficial to both students and parents. A lot of times there is school emergencies, family emergencies or even work emergencies. A child can contact their parents to let them know what is going on if there is an emergency in school.Also, the parent can contact their child if there is something happening in the family. If something goes wrong at work and someone’s hours need to be changed, then the boss can contact their employee which may also be a student, by texting them and letting them know. If students were not allowed to use phones during school, they would not have any idea of what is going on if there is an emergency. Apps and instan t internet access are great advantages for most students with smart phones. Apps can help students get to things quicker, and they can also help save things that cannot be saved on the internet.Having instant internet access can make it easier to search things in a short period of time. They can both also be quicker to get to then a computer. Ever hear of calendars and organizers? Well that is another good reason for students to use cell phones in school. Since most students mark their important dates in their calendars on their phone, they can have access to it in school if something comes up. They can also use their calendar to see or mark when something is due. Organizers can be helpful while doing a project, or even for homework that they have that day.Students may forget what they had to do something and look back at their organizer. Most students with phones have voice notes or a recorder. Both of the two can be beneficial and a good reason for students to use their phones in class. Voice note or the recorder can be used to record something that was important, or if they do not have time to take down notes they can record what the teacher is saying. For example, if the teacher is teaching a new lesson and a student does not have enough time to write notes, or if someone cannot write fast enough they can just pull out their phone and record.Using their phones to take pictures in class is another reason students should be allowed to have access to cell phones in school. They can take pictures of experiments that were used in class that they can’t take home with them to use. If there props or other things that can be used in their projects, and they can’t take it home they can also use their phones to take a picture of that. Say you came into class late and you weren’t there for notes, you can use your phone to take a picture of the notes you missed. What if a project is due and their partner isn’t in school that day?Well, if stu dents were allowed to uses cell phones in school then it would be possible for them to text their partner and ask them for information that they had. Also, they can text their partner and let them know what work they missed, or what information they need to add to their project. Foreign students’ usually have problems with understanding or even speaking another language besides their own. If they were able to have access to their phones throughout the day, they can contact their parents and ask them for a translation, or even Google translate.A lot of students’ have a stopwatch on their phone, or a timer. A stopwatch or timer can be used for students to time a lab that their doing in Science. It can also be used to time a project that is being done in a certain period of time, or classwork. Teachers and Administrators would save a lot more money on calculators if they allowed students to use their phones. Students can use their phones to use their calculator for differ ent activities. A lot of calculators on smartphones are most likely more upgraded then school calculators.Using calculators from their phone are also way easier for students. All they have to do is pull out their phone and the app is right there. In a lot of schools, there are situations where teachers have interactions with students. If a student is noticing something is going on with a student and teacher, they can use their phones as evidence. Most of the time the Administrators believe the teachers before they believe a student. With someone having evidence, the principal can’t deny that the student is telling the truth.Capturing a picture, or recording something is good enough evidence to prove something. It is understandable why Administrators do not allow cell phones in school, but not all students’ are going to abuse the policy. Most students actually need the advantage to use their phones in school. The majority of students would only use their phones when all owed or told to. On the other hand, there are a handful of students who would abuse the policy. Some students use their phones throughout lesson, which distract themselves and also others.Other students use their phones to cheat on assignments, tests, quizzes etc. Those students are the reason why cell phones are banned in most schools. All in all, there are good reasons why cell phones should be allowed in school, and why cell phones should be banned. Just because a few select students cannot follow directions does not mean it should be required to all students’. If Administrators allow cell phone usage then students and parents would be much happier. Also, students would concentrate more and have all their needs met. Cell Phones in School Reynna Thomas Mrs. Arroyo English 10 HL 14 November 2012 Cell Phones in School Would you prefer cell phone usage in school, or cell phones banned in school? Most students and parents prefer to have the usage of cell phones in school. Cell phones should be allowed to be in school for various reasons. The use of cell phones in school can be beneficial to both students and parents. A lot of times there is school emergencies, family emergencies or even work emergencies. A child can contact their parents to let them know what is going on if there is an emergency in school.Also, the parent can contact their child if there is something happening in the family. If something goes wrong at work and someone’s hours need to be changed, then the boss can contact their employee which may also be a student, by texting them and letting them know. If students were not allowed to use phones during school, they would not have any idea of what is going on if there is an emergency. Apps and instan t internet access are great advantages for most students with smart phones. Apps can help students get to things quicker, and they can also help save things that cannot be saved on the internet.Having instant internet access can make it easier to search things in a short period of time. They can both also be quicker to get to then a computer. Ever hear of calendars and organizers? Well that is another good reason for students to use cell phones in school. Since most students mark their important dates in their calendars on their phone, they can have access to it in school if something comes up. They can also use their calendar to see or mark when something is due. Organizers can be helpful while doing a project, or even for homework that they have that day.Students may forget what they had to do something and look back at their organizer. Most students with phones have voice notes or a recorder. Both of the two can be beneficial and a good reason for students to use their phones in class. Voice note or the recorder can be used to record something that was important, or if they do not have time to take down notes they can record what the teacher is saying. For example, if the teacher is teaching a new lesson and a student does not have enough time to write notes, or if someone cannot write fast enough they can just pull out their phone and record.Using their phones to take pictures in class is another reason students should be allowed to have access to cell phones in school. They can take pictures of experiments that were used in class that they can’t take home with them to use. If there props or other things that can be used in their projects, and they can’t take it home they can also use their phones to take a picture of that. Say you came into class late and you weren’t there for notes, you can use your phone to take a picture of the notes you missed. What if a project is due and their partner isn’t in school that day?Well, if stu dents were allowed to uses cell phones in school then it would be possible for them to text their partner and ask them for information that they had. Also, they can text their partner and let them know what work they missed, or what information they need to add to their project. Foreign students’ usually have problems with understanding or even speaking another language besides their own. If they were able to have access to their phones throughout the day, they can contact their parents and ask them for a translation, or even Google translate.A lot of students’ have a stopwatch on their phone, or a timer. A stopwatch or timer can be used for students to time a lab that their doing in Science. It can also be used to time a project that is being done in a certain period of time, or classwork. Teachers and Administrators would save a lot more money on calculators if they allowed students to use their phones. Students can use their phones to use their calculator for differ ent activities. A lot of calculators on smartphones are most likely more upgraded then school calculators.Using calculators from their phone are also way easier for students. All they have to do is pull out their phone and the app is right there. In a lot of schools, there are situations where teachers have interactions with students. If a student is noticing something is going on with a student and teacher, they can use their phones as evidence. Most of the time the Administrators believe the teachers before they believe a student. With someone having evidence, the principal can’t deny that the student is telling the truth.Capturing a picture, or recording something is good enough evidence to prove something. It is understandable why Administrators do not allow cell phones in school, but not all students’ are going to abuse the policy. Most students actually need the advantage to use their phones in school. The majority of students would only use their phones when all owed or told to. On the other hand, there are a handful of students who would abuse the policy. Some students use their phones throughout lesson, which distract themselves and also others.Other students use their phones to cheat on assignments, tests, quizzes etc. Those students are the reason why cell phones are banned in most schools. All in all, there are good reasons why cell phones should be allowed in school, and why cell phones should be banned. Just because a few select students cannot follow directions does not mean it should be required to all students’. If Administrators allow cell phone usage then students and parents would be much happier. Also, students would concentrate more and have all their needs met.

People’s Republic of China Essay

Different countries have different societal structures, cultural norms and ways of forming relationships. China has strong traditions and moral values, borne out of a long history. Food In China, food is an important part of life. The official Language of China is Mandarin. In the Chinese culture there are a vast of Morals and Values that range from humility to respect and are very important in the Chinese culture. There are two main religions in the Chinese culture. Taoism, also known as Daoism, is based on the teachings of the Tao Te Ching, which was written  in China in the 6th century BC. The emphasis is on finding spiritual harmony within the individual. Buddhism is the dominant religion in China. This began in India 2, 500 years ago and follows the teachings of the Buddha, â€Å"The Enlightened One. † In China, Mahayana Buddhism is particularly common. In this form of Buddhism the path to liberation involves religious ritual, meditation and devotion. The social structure of China is a hierarchical and formal social structure. For example, in the family, children are expected to respect their elders with the eldest  family member commanding the greatest respect In the Chinese culture family is defined as mother, father and children. When the female child marries she then is a member of her husband’s family and is no longer considered as a member of her family that she was born into. Therefore the family then consists of Mother, father, son and daughter n laws and children. The oldest male in the family has he most status. This person is considered to be the oldest and the wisest therefore has the most status. In the Chinese culture success is determined by purpose. The definition of purpose is the  reason for which something exists. Meaning, â€Å"Why are we here? † In the Chinese culture they strongly believe in a creator. The creator defines there purpose for them. Amy stated that â€Å"Every moment of every day, I live my life according to what I believe†. Every decision is based on a set of values that guides her in determining the direction she is to go. When asked if she considered her parent to be successful. Her response was yes. She feels as though her parent’s success is measured by what their purpose was. Her mother purpose was to be a house wife and  take care of the home and her father’s purpose was to work and to provide for the family. Education in the Chinese culture is very important. It starts when the child is very young and in the home. In China, parents are the first educators of their children. Therefore, family education is the most basic and important education model of their culture. Given the importance of family education, parents put more and more effort in educating their children and helping them grow as persons. Amy stated that her parent always demanded that she get good grades in school. She had to attend extra classes to help her achiever higher grades and she was continuously involved in numerous activities ranging from art, dance or musical classes. She stated that she didn’t have much of a say in choosing her classes or clubs that she was a member of. Her parents made all of these decisions for her. Chinese parents tend to care so much about their children’s studies that they don’t ask them to help in any other daily tasks. The primary requirement for children is to study hard, do well in exams and graduate from reputable universities so that they could have careers. The reason for this on one hand is children’s own good, as in a populated and highly competitive society like the Chinese, good academic scores can probably guarantee a bright future; on the other hand, it is a traditional value orientation that parents will be respected if their children have great achievements in society. Therefore, Chinese parents are willing to self-sacrifice and give up their own time, hobbies and interests in order to provide better conditions for their children. In the Chinese culture breakfat is the most important meal. Most Chinese persons start  there day out woth a bowl of Congee, which is like a watery rice that can be seasoned just to give it more flavor, it can be sweet or salty or even spicy and, sometimes, with vegetables, meat or mushrooms if the person chooses. Another typical food that the Chinese people eat for breakfast is Crullers, they call them also the â€Å"deep-fried-devils† and they are basically twisted strips of dough that been deeply fried in oil, they are very popular in the street stands. The Crullers always are eaten with congee. In China, food is an important part of life. Sharing a meal is the common way to socialize in the same way that We may go to a bar or pub for a drink. In the Chinese culture they have a strong ‘waste not, want not’ . This means they can make a meal out of just about any combination with rice or noodles. In the Chinese culture ricer and noodles are like bread to our culture. It’s a common part of every meal. I asked Amy if racism existed in China and she told me no. I asked her ‘what do you think of black people’ or ‘what do you think of Japanese people’, and the answers that she gave me were very racist responses. In my opinion her responses showed me that racism against black people may be the strongest form of racism in China. I asked her how would her family react if she had of married a black man. She stated that she would probably get disowned. She said this is because most black people are known to have very little status or money unless they are basketball players or entertainers. Now the racism against Japanese People in China is just as bad. Some children in China are taught hate songs against Japanese people in elementary school – and history books in China that deal with Japan focus almost exclusively on the terrible things  Japan did around World War II, ignoring much of Japan’s recent history. This project opened my eyes to the differences among cultures. I didn’t truly understand why some of my coworkers that were Chinese acted the way that they did. For example; Amy would never give a direct answer especially of the answer was no. This was because in her culture it was not a common thing to say no, and when one did say no it meant that the relationship was now ended. She would always say, I’m not sure or maybe. This then protected her from having to end out working relationship. She also was not very affectionate. In her  culture displays of affection were seen as disrespectful. I can remember a time when we had got some great news within out department and she was sitting next to me. I immediately reached out and hugged her because she was the main person that worked on the project with me. I felt a little weird after the embrace because I felt as though I violated her space. But after doing this research on her culture I now understand why. I started out in this class not understanding what I would truly learn from this. But after the assignment I have learned how to effectively communicate with coworkers of the Chinese culture.

Free Essays on Women In Advertising

Women in Advertising In the film Killing Us Softly 3, portrayals of women are most always depicted as inferior, helpless, objects, physically perfect, and intellectually invaluable. The advertising industry started in the seventies as a twenty billion dollar business and has grown since then to a giant one hundred and eighty billon dollar big business. United states citizens are exposed to over three thousand ads in a single day. With that many ads exposed to a person in a day it would be pretty difficult not to be influenced by them. One product’s slogan was â€Å"In your face all over the place†. Women in our society are expected to be physically flawless for the most part. Advertisement is great proof of that. Very rarely do I see an overweight homely woman in a television commercial. Almost always the women are white, tall, skinny, broad shouldered, have small waists and long legs. These women represent only five percent of the women in this country. Some of the women in ads are not even real. Airbrushing, and computer generated images are being used now. This portrayal of women in ads may drive some young girls to strive for the same looks when it is physically impossible. The film said that one in five women have eating disorders. Could this be a result of advertising? Many ads tend to objectify women by focusing on a single part of their body; this turns women into objects, things not people. Thinking of someone as less than human makes it very easy to abuse and even in some cases kill another. Domestic violence has become somewhat of an epidemic in this country in this day and age, maybe some of it has to do with the way women are viewed and portrayed in the media. Body language says a lot in advertisement. Much of the time females are photographed with a man looking down at her showing dominance. Women are also usually pictured inactive and helpless. This holds true unless race is involved, then the ... Free Essays on Women In Advertising Free Essays on Women In Advertising Women in Advertising In the film Killing Us Softly 3, portrayals of women are most always depicted as inferior, helpless, objects, physically perfect, and intellectually invaluable. The advertising industry started in the seventies as a twenty billion dollar business and has grown since then to a giant one hundred and eighty billon dollar big business. United states citizens are exposed to over three thousand ads in a single day. With that many ads exposed to a person in a day it would be pretty difficult not to be influenced by them. One product’s slogan was â€Å"In your face all over the place†. Women in our society are expected to be physically flawless for the most part. Advertisement is great proof of that. Very rarely do I see an overweight homely woman in a television commercial. Almost always the women are white, tall, skinny, broad shouldered, have small waists and long legs. These women represent only five percent of the women in this country. Some of the women in ads are not even real. Airbrushing, and computer generated images are being used now. This portrayal of women in ads may drive some young girls to strive for the same looks when it is physically impossible. The film said that one in five women have eating disorders. Could this be a result of advertising? Many ads tend to objectify women by focusing on a single part of their body; this turns women into objects, things not people. Thinking of someone as less than human makes it very easy to abuse and even in some cases kill another. Domestic violence has become somewhat of an epidemic in this country in this day and age, maybe some of it has to do with the way women are viewed and portrayed in the media. Body language says a lot in advertisement. Much of the time females are photographed with a man looking down at her showing dominance. Women are also usually pictured inactive and helpless. This holds true unless race is involved, then the ...

American Military presence in the Persian Gulf essays

American Military presence in the Persian Gulf essays American Military Presence in the Persian Gulf Even prior to the Gulf War, the U.S. had thrown its immense military, diplomatic, and economic weight behind the monarchies of the Persian Gulf like Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Bahrain, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia. Though they rule over less than 10% of the worlds total population, these countries control most of its petroleum wealth (64% of the worlds oil reserves). Prior to the war, it was difficult for the U.S. to engage in military exercises or even arrange a port call without asking for permission months in advance. However, because the Gulf nations have accepted acceptance of the balance it now brings, there is an effective, permanent U.S. military presence in the Persian Gulf. Still, in spite of, and sometimes because of this presence, the regions instability continues. Most Persian Gulf Arabs and their leaders felt threatened after Iraqs seizure of Kuwait and were grateful for the strong U.S. leadership in the 1991 war against Saddam Husseins regime. However, for some, there is an enormous amount of cynicism regarding U.S. motives in waging that war. Many Arabs in the Gulf cannot shake the sense that the war was not fought for international law, self-determination, and human rights, as the Bush administration said, but rather to protect U.S. access to oil and to enable the U.S. to gain a strategic hold in the region. It is apparent that a continued U.S. presence is welcome only as long as Arabs feel they need a foreign military presence to protect them. The U.S. has no formal defense treaties with its southern Gulf allies. It relies on a series of cooperative agreements with Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar and the UAE. Saudi Arabia declined to sign any agreement even though Saudi-U.S. ties are stronger than American ties with any other Gulf state. Even though the Gulf states refuse the permanent basing of U.S. troops, the U.S. defense planners have arranged...

Aspergers, a High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder

Aspergers, a High Functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder Aspergers Syndrome exists at the highest end of the autism spectrum. Children with Aspergers have excellent language and often good academic behavior which may mask the very real difficulties they have in academic situations. Often they are not diagnosed, or diagnosed late in their academic career, because their difficulties in social situations havent stopped them from succeeding academically. Their lack of good social skills and understanding of social interaction eventually inhibit their ability to function in upper elementary and middle school settings, where their academic skills often outshine their social challenges. They are frequently found in inclusive settings because of their ability to function well in academic settings, but challenge the general education teachers who teach them. Areas of High Interest and High Ability The movie Rain Man familiarized the American public with the notion of the idiot savant. Although a fairly infrequent occurrance, savantism may appear in children with autism or with Aspergers Syndrome. The hyper-focus or perseveration on specific top is typical of students diagnosed with Aspergers Syndrome. Children may exhibit exceptional ability in language or math, and may have areas of extraordinary ability. I had one student who could tell you what day of the week your birthday might be in 5 or 10 years without referring to a calendar. Students may also have extraordinary knowledge about a specific topic, such as dinosaurs or vintage movies. This hyperfocus or perseveration may actually be the result of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) which is not uncommon in children with Aspergers disorder. Physicians often can use appropriate medication to help manage the obsessive behavior and help students re-focus on a broader range of information and interests. Social Deficits One of truly human skills that children on the spectrum seem to lack is joint attention, the ability to join with other humans in attending to what they find important. Another deficit is in the area of theory of mind, the innate ability that most human organisms have to project their own emotional and intellectual processes onto other human beings. Early in development, typically developing children respond to their mothers faces and early on learn to respond to their parents moods. Children on the Autism Spectrum do not. Children with Aspergers syndrome often long to develop relationships, especially with peers. Since most children with Aspergers Syndrome are boys, they are especially interested in how to relate to the opposite sex. Many children with disabilities have weak social skills. They all benefit from social skill training, but none as much as children on the autism spectrum. They lack emotional literacy, and need explicit instruction in how to recognize and manage different emotional states. Tantrums are frequent in young children with Aspergers Syndrome, because they do not know how express their frustration nor how to negotiate with parents, siblings or peers. Use your words is often the mantra with students with Aspergers Syndrome, and often the challenge is teach them the skills they need to express their wants and needs. Executive Function Deficits Children with Aspergers Syndrome often have weak Executive Function. Executive function is the cognitive ability to visualize and plan ahead. It includes the short term ability to understand the steps needed to complete a task. Long term it involves the ability to anticipate the many steps that may be required to graduate from high school, to complete a degree, even to follow through on a science fair project. Because these children are often very bright, they may be able over-compensate in elementary or middle school for their lack of ability to visualize, anticipate and prepare for future eventualities. Children with extraordinary potential may end up as the 30 year old still in his or her own bedroom because they have not been able to prioritize and then master each of the steps necessary to get to a final goal. Gross and Fine Motor Skills Students with Aspergers Syndrome often have poor balance and poor gross motor skills. This can become exaggerated as they grow older because they often prefer watching television or using the computer to athletic activities. The preference may come from poor over all coordination rather than a learned preference. These same students may also have poor fine motor skills and may dislike using pencils and scissors. They may be very hard to motivate to writ. Unless students with Aspergers are really motivated to learn to write long hand, they should not be forced to learn to write in cursive. Keyboarding on a computer may also be a better investment of time than stressing handwriting. Academic Deficits Students with Aspergers syndromes often have areas of great strength and areas of academic weakness. Some students have strong academic deficits across the board, from language to math, and are often diagnosed late because their obvious intelligence and academic performance, challenged by deficits in social skills and executive function, struggle to perform in academic settings. English/Language Arts: Often students with strong language may struggle to develop the skills that they need to do well in English and Language Arts. Often they have strong vocabularies, especially when they have strong interests that they have read about. Some students with Aspergers gain strong vocabularies because they script, or repeat entire movies they have heard. Children with Aspergers with strong language skills often exhibit good reading skills, but not always are good readers. Once students reach fourth grade, they are expected to answer higher level thinking questions, such as questions that ask students to synthesize or analyze what they have read (as in Blooms Taxonomy.) They may be able to answer questions at the lowest level, Remember, but not questions that ask them to analyze (What made that a good idea?) or synthesis (If you were Hugo, where would you look?) Because of executive function and short term memory challenges, students with Aspergers syndrome often face challenges with writing. They may have difficulty remembering how to spell, they may forget writing conventions such as punctuation and capitalization, and they may face fine motor challenges that make them reluctant to write. Math: Children with strong language or reading skills may have poor math skills, or vice versa. Some children are savants when it comes to math, memorizing math facts quickly and seeing relationships between numbers and solving problems. Other children may have poor short and long term memory and may struggle with learning math facts. In all or any case, teachers need to learn to recognize students strengths and needs, using strengths to identify ways to approach deficits and build their over all functional and academic skills.